Features of morphogenesis, donor-acceptor system formation and efficiency of crop production under chlormequat chloride treatment on poppy oil

Abstract

The paper present the results of the study of chlormequat chloride treatment on poppy oil. The use of chlormequat chloride at the budding phase led to an increase in the poppy seed oil productivity (Papaver somniferum L.) and was not accompanied by the accumulation of residual amounts of the drug in the seeds above the permitted norms. Under the action of the drugs, there is a correction of donor-acceptor relations in the plant, which was realized through the redistribution of photoassimilates from vegetative growth for the needs of carpogenesis. Deceleration of linear growth at the beginning of vegetation due to the action of chlormequat chloride led to intensive formation of a large number of leaves, leaf surface, optimization of the mesostructure of leaves and increased deposites in vegetative reserves of nonstructural carbohydrates. The formation of a more powerful acceptor sphere is associated with an increase in stem branching and, accordingly, by the laying of a greater number of fruits, the main acceptors of assimilates in the second half of the vegetation. It has been found out that vegetative organs should be considered not only as an intermediate depot of assimilates of carbohydrate nature, but also as a temporary receptacle of nitrogen compounds and nutrients. The increase of the plant load on the plants in the experimental variant also determined a more intense flow of carbohydrates, nitrogen-containing compounds and nutrients, which eventually ensured the growth of the seed production. It has been established that the use of chlormequat chloride resulted in a significant increase in the content of nitrogen and phosphorus and the reduction of potassium content in poppy meal. The growth in the poppy seed oil content of alkaloids under the influence of chlormequat chloride should be considered as an important practical result of these studies, which may be of great interest to the pharmacological industry.