Формування професійних якостей майбутніх менеджерів митної служби у роцесі фахової підготовки

Abstract

У дисертації здійснено теоретичний аналіз досліджуваної проблеми з позицій психології та педагогіки; проаналізовано основні підходи до визначення поняття “професійна компетентність” та “професійні якості”; розглянуто сутність, критерії та показники сформованості професійних якостей майбутніх менеджерів митної служби з метою формування професійних якостей; визначено функції професійної діяльності митників; окреслено параметри методичного забезпечення та розроблено систему завдань для вивчення фахових дисциплін майбутніми менеджерами митної служби, теоретично обґрунтовано педагогічні умови формування професійних якостей майбутніх фахівців митної служби України та проаналізовано результати проведеного експериментуВ диссертационном исследовании осуществлен теоретический анализ проблемы с позиций психологии и педагогики; проанализированы основные подходы к определению понятий “профессиональная компетентность” и “профессиональные качества”; раскрыта сущность, критерии, показатели сформированности профессиональных качеств будущих менеджеров таможенной службы; определены функции профессиональной деятельности будущих специалистов таможенной службы Украины; определены параметры методического обеспечения и разработано систему упражнений для изучения специализированных дисциплин будущими менеджерами таможенной службы; теоретически обоснованы педагогические условия формирования профессиональных качеств будущих специалистов и проанализированы результаты проведенного эксперимента.The thesis is concerned with the problem of the formation of future customs managers professional skills in the process of vocational training. The theoretical analysis of the research problem from the point of Psychology and Pedagogy is made. The main approaches to the definition of the term “professional skills” are analyzed and as a result the professional skills of Customs managers are defined. The introduction proves the actuality and expediency of the investigation, defines its aim, tasks, object, subject and hypothesis, formulates the methodical and theoretical bases, discloses the scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the obtained results, provides the ways of approbation. The first chapter reflects the theoretical analysis of main approaches to the definition of the “professional skills”; discloses the peculiarities of professional training of future customs managers and professional activities of Ukrainian customs managers. The following components of formation of future customs managers professional skills in the process of vocational training are assumed as its basis: the target component, content component, technological component and result component. Thee constantly interact, and are considered as continually implemented and renovated. The complex of mentioned components is an integrated result of the process of professional training. Skills, knowledge and abilities are indispensable for future activity of customs managers to solve professional tasks, analyze and contemplate professional activities, regulate relations and self-sustaining actions. In the second chapter the main points and criteria of the formatted Customs managers’ professional skills are formulated; the pedagogical conditions of forming Customs managers’ professional skills are defined. They are: professionalizing of vocational training withy the consideration of the peculiarities of the staged professional formation of future specialists; pedagogical-psychological providing of students` selfrealization in the process of independent educational perceptive activity; developing of professional skills of reflective analysis with the help of operative return connection. The proper model, which is scientifically grounded and experimentally tested, is build according to hierarchical dependence of structural components of the integral professional training. The staged professional self-realization includes the consistent change of analytically-diagnostical (primary), reflexively-constructive (basic), correctively- developing (concluding) stages. The author`s programs “Marketing”, “Management”, “The Professional Training Introduction” and “The Professional English”, which are aimed to form of future customs managers professional skills, are approved. The program of special training “Developing of intensive communication skills” are devised and efficiently tested. Its aim is to increase the level of the professional competence in the sphere of communication. The program of special training “Developing of intensive communication skills” is expected the following stages: deep self-analyzing with positive direction; developing of group work’s skills; describing and recultivating of emotional skills; orientation on duo choice; lessons with sociometrical direction. It is proved that the program of special training is an effective preventing measure according to the appearance of professional deformation skills. Qualitative and quantitative analyze of pedagogical experiment proves that the suggested author model provides the increase of future customs managers` professional skills formation in the process of professional training. At the beginning of the experiment all the students were in the same conditions of vocational training, that`s why the results may be regarded as the consequence of using the suggested model with the distinguishing the structural components, organization stages, criteria, levels of the formation. The realization of the author`s model in different educational establishments, the real results of the experimental work and the reliability of the consequences proves that the main tasks of the experimental work are decided. The investigation doesn’t pretend to be exclusive decision of all aspects of the problem of future customs managers` professional qualities in the process of vocational training. The following problems are to be decided: improveness of future specialists` practical training; integration of professional disciplines in order to improve practical skills and abilities; generalizing of foreign experience of future customs` managers` professional training. Basic results are inculcated in the educational process of a few higher schools, where Customs managers are trained. Efficiency of the offered method is experimentally tested. Recommendations for the teachers are formulated.