Personality and Environmental Issues
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Item Study of ecological technology of leather tanning with the use of modified montmorilonite(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Mokrousova, О; Okhmat, О; Zhaldak, М; Мокроусова, О; Охмат, О; Жалдак, МThe article is devoted to the analysis of the level of environmental friendliness of the chromium tanning process carried out with the use of modified montmorillonite. Leather technology has a complex technological sequence of processes and operations for the processing biogenic material. The leather technology is based on a set of various, consistently performed processing of leather raw materials and semi-finished products. The technology uses chemical materials that are not always environmentally friendly. The principles of greening provide for complete or partial exclusion of environmentally unfriendly materials from technological processes. The eco-destructive impact on the environment of chromium tanning was established. Therefor an innovative direction of eco-friendly leather production is the partial replacement of tanning compounds of chromium with other structuring compounds that have a structuring effect. The aim of the work was to determine the ecological efficiency of the technology of manufacturing leather obtained using modified montmorillonite. The object of research is the process of formation of leather properties in the process of tanning with the use of modified montmorillonite. Environmental friendliness of chromium tanning technology with the use of modified montmorillonite is substantiated by: efficiency of formation of dermis structure; increasing the level of leather quality indicators; partial replacement of chromium compounds during tanning. The technology provides: reduction of the negative impact on the environment of leather production; reducing the amount of chromium compounds in the tanning process; reduction of production costs for purification of waste liquids; increasing indicators of biological and chemical oxygen consumption; obtaining after tanning potentially biodegradable wastewater.Item Economic calculations of the choice of pesticide disposal method(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Petruk, R; Bilichenko, Y; Petruk, H.; Петрук, Р; Біліченко, Ю; Петрук, ГGoal is a brief analysis of the main ways of dealing with unusable pesticides and pesticide-containing wastes and facilities and substantiation of technical and economic parameters of processes of neutralization of unusable pesticides and hazardous waste, as well as establishment of the most optimal methods and ways of their utilization. To establish the most optimal methods and ways of utilization of pesticides and pesticide-containing waste, a financial and economic assessment of pesticide exports from Ukraine to processing plants in Europe was made, the cost of burning pesticides at specialized plants in Ukraine was calculated, the total cost of reclamation works was calculated. on recycling of pesticide containers. To solve the tasks in the work used modern methods of scientific research: analysis - to summarize modern scientific and technical advances in the prevention of environmental pollution due to pesticides entering the environment; indication methods - for assessment of soil, water and air pollution; methods of reclamation of contaminated areas and incineration of pesticides; methods of analysis of gas mixtures, etc. For the first time scientific and methodological calculations of environmental safety parameters and management of unusable pesticides and pesticide-containing wastes, the essence of which is to take into account the main components of the cost of pesticide disposal and restoration of contaminated areas, including management actions for all components of pesticide territories and largely solve the problem of pesticide pollution. Calculations of the cost of recycling various facilities that contain unusable pesticide-containing drugs and waste and established the most optimal methods and ways of recycling pesticides in Ukraine. A brief analysis of the main methods of handling unusable pesticides and pesticide-containing waste and facilities and substantiated the technical and economic parameters of the disposal of unusable pesticides and hazardous waste, as well as the most optimal methods and methods of their disposal.Item Waste management in Switzerland and remarks to other countries(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Stalder, F.; Сталдер, Ф.To understand the different situations in all countries it is necessary to compare the different mentality, financial situation, culture, politic, law and other influencing factors. Therefore, it is not possible to transfer one system from one country to another without special control of allpossible situations. In most of the countries, cheap landfilling is popular. In Switzerland, since about 40 years ago landfillingof household waste was not allowed. The small country with 8.5 mil. inhabitants operate 25 incinerator plants for household- and hospital waste.There is also a recycling system in Switzerland, but recycling is too expensive. For this aspect, for most products a small part for the waste management is included in the selling price. The recycler gets this money paid by the waste foundation.Item Problems of disinfection and processing of medical waste(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Sakalova, H; Khodanitska, O; Dzikhovska, L.; Сакалова, Г; Ходаніцька, О; Дзіховська, Л.The article provides an analysisof medical waste management in Ukraine. As medical waste is hazardous, it partially reflects the handling of dangerous waste components, such as chemicals used in medicine, heavy metals wastes, and other separately collected waste components. Particular attention should be paid to medical waste because it can be not only a source of infectious but also toxic pollution. It can also contain very high concentrations of toxic compounds (cytostatics, antibiotics, and other drugs) and radioactive substances, which have a negative impact on human health and the environment. The amount of drugs and products of their metabolism that pollute the planet's water resources is increasing all over the world. That is why the problem of hazardous medical waste management in Ukraine needs to be solved. We have carried out monitoring of medical waste, effective methods of disposal, and storage of waste within the dental medical center. The classification of pharmaceutical and medical wastes and ways of reducing the environmental impact of medical wastes are researched. Biological waste, dressing material, polymer waste, metal, glass, chemical waste, mercury, X-ray film, paper, rubber, plaster casts, household waste were found among the medical waste of the dental clinic. The largest group of waste by weight in morphological composition are polymers(syringes, gloves, saliva ejector, etc.). Hygienic and ecological assessment of waste disinfection methods is presented and relevant recommendations are provided. The higher efficiency of autoclaving in comparison with chemical disinfection of medical waste according to certain regulatory parameters is proved. Because the chemical disinfection does not guarantee the complete destruction of the infectious agent, it is recommended only as a temporary method of waste disinfecting with the following packaging and labeling for special disinfection.Item Use of psychodram as an ecopsychological method of overcoming barriers of interpersonal communication in distance learning(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Melnyk, Y; Podorozhnyi, V.; Мельник, Ю; Подорожний, В.Recent research suggests that the need for communication is realized in today's youth with certain psychological difficulties due to communication barriers, which in turn may be exacerbated by distance learning and require environmental and effective methods of overcoming. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the current state of the problem of barriers to interpersonal communication that arise in the context of distance learning. Interpersonal communication is an important and integral part of the life of each individual, barriers that may arise in the process - will significantly affect the emotional and psychological well-being of the individual. Much attention is paid to distance learning, its features and specifics are analyzed. It is revealed how distance learning affects the psycho-emotional state of the student. The article considers and analyzes such phenomena as virtual communication and Internet addiction. The peculiarities of partner choice and the specifics of building interpersonal interaction in the process of virtual communication are determined. Research into the phenomenon of Internet addiction has revealed its possible causes and the negative consequences it causes: neglect of family and friendly responsibilities, feelings of emptiness, depression, hiding the truth from family members, problems with learning. The results of an experimental study of barriers to interpersonal communication, the dominant barrier and the extent of its impact on everyday communication are highlighted. The levels of Internet dependence of respondents were also studied. The results of the study of the levels of subjective experience of loneliness are demonstrated. Statistical data processing was performed in order to identify correlations between the studied phenomena. The expediency of using the method of psychodrama as one of the most effective methods of overcoming barriers to interpersonal communication is proposed and substantiated. Psychodrama is a method of group psychotherapy, which consists in acting out by members of a psychotherapeutic group scenes from their lives, in which, in particular, conflict or traumatic situations can be reproduced.Item The influence of the educational environment on the psychological well-being of student youth(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Gaba, I.; Габа, І.The article analyzes the features of the impact the educational environment on the psychological well-being of student youth. A psychological analysis of the content the educational environment and the essence of the phenomenon of "psychological well-being". The relationship between the psychological well-being of student youth and the psychological characteristics the educational environment is determined. It is stated that the psychological well-being of student youth largely depends on the level of development and quality of the educational environment.It is established that external objective indicators of well-being, such as criteria of success, indicators of health, material well-being, do not affect a person's experience of well-being. Psychological well-being is basically subjective, it is largely due to the special attitude of the individual to himself, the world around him and its individual parties. It is determined that a favorable psychological atmosphere in the educational environment is important for student youth. The more opportunities there are in the educational environment to seek help, the higher the protection against psychological violence, threats, ignoring and hostility from teachers and public humiliation from classmates, the higher the level of student self-acceptance.It is stated that the importance of correct and safe interaction of the subjects of the educational environment is a significant factor in maintaining a high level of psychological well-being of student youth.Item Strategies of emotional regulation in support of ecologically oriented human activity(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Kolomiiets, L,; Shulga, G.; Коломієць, Л.; Шульга, Г.The article presents the results of an experimental study of the strategies of adolescents’ emotional regulation, analysis of the impact of ways of overcoming, coping with stressful situations on the constructiveness (environmental friendliness) of emotional personality regulation in environmentally oriented life. The study used theoretical, empirical and data processing methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient). Based on the analysis of the psychological literature of native and foreign researchers, the essence of the concept of "emotional regulation", "environmental strategies for managing emotions" within environmental psychology is clarified. The study of strategies for regulating students’ emotions, in order to determine the frequency of use of constructive (environmental) strategies for emotional regulation to maintain environmentally oriented life. Features of strategies of students’ emotional regulation through the level of formation of cognitive components of emotional regulation, features of control over emotions, intensity and frequency of use of certain styles of protection against affective situations are revealed. The psychological features of constructive and destructive strategies of emotion regulation are described, the peculiarities of their connection with behavioral strategies and personal styles of the subject's reaction to an emotional situation are determined. The results of the experimental study allowed us to conclude that young men and women in stressful situations prefer constructive strategies to regulate emotions, which help to find solutions, manage a difficult situation and cope with its consequences. The use of destructive strategies in coping with stressful situations leads to negative experiences, the strength and duration of which depend on the context of the situation. However, destructive experiences prevent young people from maintaining an environmentally oriented life.Item Psychological readiness of student youth for ecological and consumer behavior(Вінниця, 2021, 2021) Паламарчук, О.; Palamarchuk, О.The article analyzes the peculiarities of the formation and development of psychological readiness of student youth for environmental and consumer behavior. The psychological analysis of the content and essence of the phenomenon of "psychological readiness" is carried out. It is stated that the level of development of psychological readiness of student youth for ecological and consumer behavior will largely depend on the ecological future of mankind and their own ecologically appropriate behavior in response to current or future environmental threats. It is proved that shortcomings and mistakes in the attitude to the natural environment, misconceptions about the inexhaustibility of natural resources, shifting responsibility for the consequences of environmentally inappropriate behavior to others, usually related to personal qualities and psychological unpreparedness of students for environmental and consumer behavior. It is established that the formation of psychological readiness of student youth for ecological and consumer behavior involves the formation of such necessary ecological attitudes, personality traits that provide the individual with the opportunity to prefer eco-friendly behavior and consciously manifest it. At the same time, it is not necessary to reduce the formation of readiness for the development of certain personal qualities in student youth, to their simple sum. Readiness is expressed in a high level of development of independence in the process of choosing and demonstrating environmental coping strategies as ways to overcome environmental threats. It is determined that the psychological readiness of student youth for environmental and consumer behavior is manifested in the presence of: the necessary environmental knowledge, skills and abilities, environmental intelligence and thinking; environmentally sound qualities (environmental discipline, organization and responsibility) that help to activate pro-environmental behavior; sustainable positive attitude to the necessity and importance of the manifestation of eco-appropriate behavior and the desire to constantly develop their environmental knowledge and skills; internal need to demonstrate pro-environmental behavior. It is stated that the ecological position of student youth influences ecological and consumer behavior through ecological control, which is expressed in ecological self-efficacy and ecological internality. The ecological position, given the dominance of the well-being of other individuals, influences the ecological and consumer behavior of student youth by increasing self-efficacy in the environmental sphere. The position of dominating the well-being of others activates pro-environmental norms, which encourages the assessment of eco-destructive actions as unacceptable. Ecological position influences ecological and consumer behavior indirectly through subjective connection with nature.