Особливості формування soft skills у майбутніх учителів початкових класів в умовах професійної підготовки до роботи в міжкультурному просторі Закарпаття

Abstract

Освітня діяльність у процесі фахової підготовки спрямовується на формування у здобувачів вищої освіти ініціативності, набуття трансдисциплінарних професійних (hard skills) та універсальних навичок (soft skills), що дозволять легко розв’язувати завдання, які виникатимуть у професійній педагогічній діяльності в умовах міжкультурного простору Закарпаття. Актуалізовано проблему формування в майбутніх учителів початкових класів міжетнічної толерантності, терпимості до відмінностей у культурах, релігіях, національних особливостей, уміння взаємодіяти з людьми в полікультурній групі, персоніфікувати себе як особистість.

In the process of professional training educational activities have been aimed at developing initiative of applicants of higher education, acquiring transdisciplinary professional (hard skills) and universal skills (soft skills), which allows easily to solve problems that arise in professional pedagogical activities in the intercultural space of Transcarpathia. The problem of formation of interethnic tolerance, tolerance to differences in cultures, religions, national peculiarities, ability to interact with people in a multicultural group, to personify oneself as a person has been actualized in future primary school teachers. EPP "Primary Education" training specialists at Mukachevo State University at the first (bachelor's) level of higher education allows to ensure the acquisition of soft skills, primarily through the acquisition of relevant educational components, including: "Ukrainian language for professional purposes"; "History of statehood and culture of Ukraine"; "Foreign Language"; "Introduction to speciality"; "Fundamentals of nature science with ecology"; "Children's literature"; "Theory and methodics of education"; "Pedagogical skills (pedagogical creativity)"; "Ethnopedagogy"; "Theory and methodics of work with children's and youth organizations" and others. In the process of professional training for EPP, applicants have participated at educational activities in various forms, among which group, pair and individual with the use of interactive methods and technologies – to form skills of interpersonal interaction; problem-searching – for the formation of logical, divergent thinking; design – for the formation of goal-setting skills; analysis of pedagogical situations and solving professional problems – for the formation of leadership qualities, the ability to take responsibility; participation in discussions – for the formation of communication skills and interpersonal communication. We have distinguished the ideological component of the future teacher's readiness to work in the intercultural space of Transcarpathia, that has been based on three components (factors): "Personal-professional instrumental qualities and values"; "Communicative tolerance"; "Morality". Certain factors have determined the system of soft skills formation in future teachers in the process of professional training.