Основні засади діяльності дитячих трудових виховних колоній в Україні 1942-1945 рр.
Date
2019
Authors
Силка, Ольга
Сылка, Ольга
Sylka, Olha
Романюк, Іван
Романюк, Иван
Romaniuk, Ivan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Вінниця: Твори
Abstract
У статті розглядається нормативно-правова база функціонування дитячих виправних колоній, динаміка їх збільшення, умови функціонування. Важливим заходом виправлення підлітків, які знаходились в колонії, була індивідуальна виховна робота, яка проводилася на основі глибокого вивчення особистості кожного вихованця та причин скоєння правопорушень. В основі перевиховання неповнолітніх в трудових колоніях була праця. При цьому існували проблеми того часу, які заважали функціонуванню виправних закладів.
В статье рассматривается нормативно-правовая база функционирования детских исправительных колоний, динамика их роста, условия функционирования. Важным мероприятием исправления подростков во время пребывания в Наукові записки ВДПУ імені Михайла Коцюбинського колонии была индивидуальная воспитательная работа, которая проводилась на основе глубокого изучения личности каждого воспитанника и причин совершения правонарушений. В основе перевоспитания несовершеннолетних в трудовых колониях была работа. При этом существовали проблемы того времени, которые мешали функционированию исправительных учреждений..
The article is considered. normative and legal basis of functioning of children's correctional colonies, dynamics of their increase, conditions of functioning. In the post-war conditions of the growth of child waving, it became necessary to create specialized children's institutions, aimed not only at punishment and re-education of children and adolescents, but also to prevent their homelessness and neglect as important preconditions for crime. A special department - the Department for Combating Juvenile Homelessness, Uncheckedness and Crime (WBDBB) has been set up as a part of the NKVD of the USSR, and the labor colonies for juveniles and newly established children's educational colonies have passed to. As of 1945, there were only two child labor colonies in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The boys were heading to Odessa, the girls to the city of Lviv. In 1946, a third child labor colony appears, but the total number of seats in them did not allow for the placement of all convicts for committing crimes. That‘s why, more than 3,000 juvenile offenders were in jail and at checkpoints. However, the essential shortcoming of the labor colonies was that they were intended only for minors under the age of 16, which were kept in their adulthood. Minors aged 16 to 18, sentenced to imprisonment, were subject to general detention. This practice existed until 1948. Pupils who violated the rules of the internal order, applied the following penal sanctions: warning, reprimand, extraordinary clothes, transfer to a disciplinary (punitive) isolator. The colony's isolato was a special room, where violators of the regime were arrested and isolated from other pupils. However, sometimes, several people were assigned to the penal rooms and thus detached them from the healthy influence of the team and created an unhealthy one.
В статье рассматривается нормативно-правовая база функционирования детских исправительных колоний, динамика их роста, условия функционирования. Важным мероприятием исправления подростков во время пребывания в Наукові записки ВДПУ імені Михайла Коцюбинського колонии была индивидуальная воспитательная работа, которая проводилась на основе глубокого изучения личности каждого воспитанника и причин совершения правонарушений. В основе перевоспитания несовершеннолетних в трудовых колониях была работа. При этом существовали проблемы того времени, которые мешали функционированию исправительных учреждений..
The article is considered. normative and legal basis of functioning of children's correctional colonies, dynamics of their increase, conditions of functioning. In the post-war conditions of the growth of child waving, it became necessary to create specialized children's institutions, aimed not only at punishment and re-education of children and adolescents, but also to prevent their homelessness and neglect as important preconditions for crime. A special department - the Department for Combating Juvenile Homelessness, Uncheckedness and Crime (WBDBB) has been set up as a part of the NKVD of the USSR, and the labor colonies for juveniles and newly established children's educational colonies have passed to. As of 1945, there were only two child labor colonies in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The boys were heading to Odessa, the girls to the city of Lviv. In 1946, a third child labor colony appears, but the total number of seats in them did not allow for the placement of all convicts for committing crimes. That‘s why, more than 3,000 juvenile offenders were in jail and at checkpoints. However, the essential shortcoming of the labor colonies was that they were intended only for minors under the age of 16, which were kept in their adulthood. Minors aged 16 to 18, sentenced to imprisonment, were subject to general detention. This practice existed until 1948. Pupils who violated the rules of the internal order, applied the following penal sanctions: warning, reprimand, extraordinary clothes, transfer to a disciplinary (punitive) isolator. The colony's isolato was a special room, where violators of the regime were arrested and isolated from other pupils. However, sometimes, several people were assigned to the penal rooms and thus detached them from the healthy influence of the team and created an unhealthy one.
Description
Історія Українию Дитячі трудові колонії
Keywords
колонія, виховання, дитинство, постанова, злочинність, безпритульність, праця, колония, воспитание, детство, постановление, преступность, беспризорность, труд, colony, upbringing, hildhood, ruling, crime, homelessness, labor
Citation
Силка О. Основні засади діяльності дитячих трудових виховних колоній в Україні 1942-1945 рр./ Ольга Силка, Іван Романюк // Наукові записки. Серія: Історія: збірник наукових праць/ гол. ред. О. А. Мельничук; Вінницький державний педагогічний університет ім. М. Коцюбинського. – Вінниця: Твори, 2019. – Вип. 29. – С. 26-30. https://doi.org/10.31652/2411-2143-2019-29-26-30