Аналіз навчально-методичного забезпечення з образотворчого мистецтва в загальноосвітніх школах України другої половини ХХ століття

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано основні тенденції розвитку навчально-методичного забезпечення предмета «Образотворче мистецтво» в загальноосвітніх школах України у другій половині ХХ століття. Узагальнено провідні ідеї та напрямки роботи навчально-методичної літератури, які створюють цілісну картину історії розвитку мистецької освіти в галузі образотворчого мистецтва для загальноосвітніх шкіл.

The main tendencies of the educational-methodical development of the subject «Fine Arts» in general secondary schools of Ukraine in the second half of the twentieth century are analyzed. The stages of the history of the development of «Fine Arts» teaching in the secondary schools of Ukraine have been distinguished, which has necessitated a constructive approach to studying and solving problems of the development of a subject in educational and methodological support. It was established that only in 1957-1958 the first pilot textbooks for fine arts for grades 1 and 2 were published, digested by M. Rostovtsev. The idea of creating special educational textbooks for drawing up was to streamline methodological work in schools and eliminate the diversity of teaching methods. It was also found that the implementation of textbooks and manuals on fine arts was too slow and not widely distributed on the territory of the former Union, in particular in Ukraine. In 1990 in Ukraine appeared its own textbook on fine arts – «Fine Arts. Textbook for 1-2 classes», digested by V. Vilchinsky and approved by the Ministry of Education of the USSR for students of junior high school. It is determined that textbooks and manuals, sponsored by scholars and practitioners in the field of arts education and upbringing of the second half of the 20th century, provide a powerful foundation for the formation of a methodological base for fine arts in the future. These provisions were served as the basis of the development of the concept of artistic and aesthetic education and the preparation of textbooks, manuals, methodological recommendations on fine arts at the present stage of development. Summarized the leading ideas and directions of the work of educational-methodical literature, which create a coherent picture of the history of the development of artistic education in the field of fine arts for general education schools.